ML AVIATION

ML AVIATIONDisciplinesRoad infrastructure

A feedstock truck will not run on a promise.

Site access roads, junctions, manoeuvring yards and public roads. We design for real traffic, including heavy vehicles, and take the project through approvals with the road authority.

Change an assumption

Design traffic

Pavement is sized by the trucks.

Enter how many heavy vehicles a day the road will carry. We compute the design traffic under the GDDKiA catalogue of typical flexible and semi-rigid pavements, the traffic category and the minimum structure thickness for frost heave.

1Traffic and KR category

Heavy vehicles per day
Road type and axle load
Calculation parameters
Design period
years

Catalogue: 30 years for motorways and expressways, 20 years for other roads; the road authority may set a longer period, never a shorter one.

2Subgrade and thickness

Subgrade and frost zone

Traffic category

KR2

Design traffic N100

0.133

million 100 kN axles per design lane

How it is calculated

N100 = (NC · rC + NC+P · rC+P + NA · rA) · f1 · f2 · f3

Required thickness of pavement and improved subgrade

0.55 × hz = 44 cm where the subgrade is of doubtful or frost-susceptible soils.

Car parks and manoeuvring yards

Here the traffic category follows from the use, not from the axle count:

  • KR4trucks and buses (KR3 may be used where parking is occasional)
  • KR2cars with occasional truck or bus parking
  • KR1cars only

Catalogue of typical flexible and semi-rigid pavement structures, GDDKiA 2014, items 6.6–6.29, tables 6.1–6.6 and 10.1, fig. 10.1. We assume constant traffic over the design period. In the design, the vehicle totals come from the traffic forecast for each year.

Scope of advice

  1. Traffic analysis and layout conceptBefore you fix the approach routes and the road layout

    Type and number of vehicles, approach routes and load limits on roads in the area. The concept covers the access, internal road, manoeuvring yards and car parks checked against the movements of heavy vehicles.

  2. Site access junction and road authority agreementsWhen the investment needs a site access junction from a public road

    The road authority's consent is often a condition of further decisions, so we establish its requirements before the design of the whole is drawn up. We see through the consent to the location of the junction and the agreements with the road authority.

  3. Pavement structureWhen heavy transport will serve the site

    Traffic category, subgrade and selection of pavement layers matched to the actual traffic, so that the road does not need repair after the first season.

  4. Traffic organisationWhen the traffic organisation changes

    We prepare the traffic organisation design and see it through approval.

  5. Drainage and lightingWhen the road and yards need drainage

    Gradients, disposal of rainwater and site lighting.

  6. AcceptanceAt acceptance

    We make sure layer and bearing-capacity tests are done before the road is covered with the next layer.

InsightsSite access from a public road for heavy traffic: consent, notification, pavement

Where projects most often stall

  1. The road authority may refuse

    The road authority may refuse permission for a site access junction or grant it for a limited period.

  2. A permit that lapses

    Permission for a site access junction lapses if the junction is not built within 3 years of its issue.

Questions and answers

Does a junction require a zoning decision?

No. Building or rebuilding a junction on the basis of the road authority's permission does not require a zoning decision (WZ).

Is a junction built on a permit?

Junctions from national and voivodeship roads are built on notification, with 21 days for the voivode to object. In every case the road authority's permission for the junction location is required.

Does a private investor apply for a ZRID?

No. The decision permitting a road investment is issued by the voivode or the district head (starosta) on the application of the competent road authority, within 90 days. It applies to investments in public roads.

Check the path of your investment

The planner shows the order of decisions, the authorities and statutory deadlines for five types of investment.

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